As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 12, 2013

Registration Statement No. 333-189231

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

PRE-EFFECTIVE

AMENDMENT NO. 2

TO

FORM F-3

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

NAVIOS MARITIME HOLDINGS INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Republic of Marshall Islands		4412		98-0384348
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(Primary Standard Industrial Classification Code Number)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification Nr.)

Navios Maritime Holdings Inc.

85 Akti Miaouli Street\Piraeus, Greece 185 38

(011) +30-210-4595000

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

Trust Company of the Marshall Islands, Inc.

Trust Company Complex, Ajeltake Island

P.O. Box 1405

Majuro, Marshall Islands MH96960

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

With a copy to:

Kenneth Koch

Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo, P.C.

The Chrysler Center

666 Third Avenue

New York, New York 10017 (212) 935-3000

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: From time to time after this Registration Statement becomes effective.

If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box.  ¨

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box.  x

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ¨

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ¨

If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.C. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box.  ¨

If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.C. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box.  ¨

The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the company shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), shall determine.

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

 

Title of Each Class of Securities to be Registered(1)		Proposed Maximum Aggregate Offering Price(2)(3)		Amount of Registration Fee
Common Stock, $ .0001 par value		(4)
Preferred Stock(5)		(4)
Warrants		(4)
Debt Securities		(4)
Units		(4)
Total		$500,000,000		$68,200*

*	Previously paid.

(1)

There are being registered hereunder such indeterminate number of shares of common stock, such indeterminate number of shares of preferred stock, such indeterminate number of warrants to purchase common stock, and such indeterminate number of debt securities as shall have an aggregate initial offering price not to exceed $500,000,000. If any debt securities are issued at an original issue discount, then the offering price of such debt securities shall be in such greater principal amount as shall result in an aggregate initial offering price not to exceed $500,000,000, less the aggregate dollar amount of all securities previously issued hereunder. Any securities registered hereunder may be sold separately or as units with other securities registered hereunder. The securities registered also include such indeterminate amounts and numbers of common stock as may be issued upon conversion of preferred stock or pursuant to the antidilution provisions of any such securities. The securities registered also include such indeterminate amounts and numbers of common stock as may be issued upon exercise of warrants or pursuant to the antidilution provisions of any such securities. The securities registered also include such indeterminate amounts and numbers of common stock and debt securities as may be issued upon conversion of or exchange for debt securities that provide for conversion or exchange, upon exercise of warrants, that are issued in units or pursuant to the anti-dilution provisions of any such securities.

(2)	In United States dollars or the equivalent thereof in any other currency, currency unit or units, or composite currency or currencies.

(3)	The proposed maximum per unit and aggregate offering prices per class of security will be determined from time to time by the Registrant in connection with the issuance by the Registrant of the securities registered hereunder.

(4)	Not required to be included in accordance with General Instruction II.F of Form F-3.

(5)	Preferred stock may be represented by American Depositary Shares. American Depositary Shares issuable on deposit of the preferred stock registered hereby will also be registered pursuant to a separate Registration Statement on Form F-6.

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EXPLANATORY NOTE

This Amendment No. 2 to the Registration Statement on Form F-3 of Navios Maritime Holdings Inc. (‘‘Amendment No. 2’’) does not relate to our prospectus which is not amended hereby. As such, this Amendment No. 2 does not include a copy of our prospectus. This Amendment No. 2 is being filed solely for the purpose of providing a revised Exhibit 5.1.

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PART II

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

ITEM 8. INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS

Under the Articles of Incorporation, our Bylaws and under Section 60 of the Marshall Islands Business Corporations Act (“BCA”), we may indemnify anyone who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding (other than an action by or in the right of the corporation) whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that he is or was a director or officer of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director or officer of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise.

A limitation on the foregoing is the statutory proviso (also found in our Bylaws) that, in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful.

Further, under Section 60 of the BCA and our Bylaws, the termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction, or upon a plea of no contest, or its equivalent, does not, of itself, create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a manner which he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful.

In addition, under Section 60 of the BCA and under our Bylaws, a corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party, or is threatened to be made a party, to any threatened, pending, or completed action or suit by or in the right of the corporation to procure judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that he is or was a director or officer of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director or officer of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise. Such indemnification may be made against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred such person or in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation. Again, this is provided that no indemnification may be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable for negligence or misconduct in the performance of his duty to the corporation unless and only to the extent that the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the court shall deem proper.

Further, and as provided by both our Bylaws and Section 60 of the BCA, when a director or officer of a corporation has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit or proceeding referred to in the foregoing instances, or in the defense of a related claim, issue or matter, he will be indemnified against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with such matter.

Likewise, pursuant to our Bylaws and Section 60 of the BCA, expenses (our Bylaws specifically includes attorneys’ fees in expenses) incurred in defending a civil or criminal action, suit or proceeding by an officer or director may be paid in advance of the final disposition of the action, suit or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the director or officer to repay such amount if it is ultimately determined that he is not entitled to indemnification. The Bylaws further provide that with respect to other employees, such expenses may be paid on the terms and conditions, if any, as the Board may deem appropriate.

Both Section 60 of the BCA and our Bylaws further provided that the foregoing indemnification and advancement of expenses are not exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled under any bylaw, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in his official capacity and/or as to action in another capacity while holding office.

Under both Section 60 of the BCA and our Bylaws, we also have the power to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director or officer of the corporation or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director or officer against any liability asserted against him and incurred by him in such capacity regardless of whether the corporation would have the power to indemnify him against such liability under the foregoing.

Under Section 60 of the BCA (and as provided in our Bylaws), the indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by, or granted under the foregoing continue with regard to a person who has ceased to be a director, officer,

 

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employee or agent and inure to the benefit of his heirs, executors and administrators unless otherwise provided when authorized or ratified. Additionally, under Section 60 of the BCA and our Bylaws, the indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by, or granted under the foregoing continue with regard to a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent and inure to the benefit of his heirs, executors and administrators unless otherwise provided when authorized or ratified.

In addition to the above, our Bylaws provide that references to us includes constituent corporations, and defines ‘other enterprises’ to include employee benefit plans, “fines” to include excise taxes imposed on a person with respect to an employee benefit plan, and further defines the term ‘serving at the request of the corporation.’

Our Articles of Incorporation set out a much abbreviated version of the foregoing and make reference to the provisions of the Bylaws.

Such limitation of liability and indemnification does not affect the availability of equitable remedies. In addition, we have been advised that in the opinion of the SEC, indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.

ITEM 9. EXHIBITS

(a) Exhibits.

 

Exhibit Number		Description of Document
5.1		Opinion of Reeder & Simpson P.C. regarding legality of the shares being registered (Filed herewith).
23.1		Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers S.A. (Previously filed).
23.2		Consent of Reeder & Simpson P.C. (included in Exhibit 5.1 to this Registration Statement on Form F-3).
24.1		Power of Attorney (Previously filed).

 

ITEM 10.

UNDERTAKINGS

The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes:

 

(a)

 

1.

To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:

 

i.

To include any prospectus required by section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;

 

ii.

To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement.

 

iii.

To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement; Provided, however, That paragraphs (a)1(i) and (a)(1)(ii) of this section do not apply if the registration statement is on Form S-3, Form S-8 or Form F-3, and the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in periodic reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to section 13 or section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement.

Provided however, That:

 

A.

Paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (a)(1)(ii) of this section do not apply if the registration statement is on Form S-8, and the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to section 13 or section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement; and

 

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B.

Paragraphs (a)(1)(i), (a)(1)(ii) and (a)(1)(iii) of this section do not apply if the registration statement is on Form S-3 or Form F-3 and the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to section 13 or section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement.

 

2.

That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

3.

To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.

 

4.

That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser:

 

i.

If the registrant is relying on Rule 430B:

 

A.

Each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and

 

B.

Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date; or

 

ii.

If the registrant is subject to Rule 430C, each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use.

(b) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

(c) The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the Registrant’s annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of

 

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1934 that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirement of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form F-3 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in Piraeus, Greece on July 12, 2013.

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by each of the following persons in the capacities indicated on July 12, 2013.

 

Signature		Title(s)		Date
/s/ Angeliki Frangou		Chief Executive Officer		July 12, 2013
Angeliki Frangou		(principal executive officer)
/s/ George Achniotis		Chief Financial Officer		July 12, 2013
George Achniotis		(principal financial and accounting officer)
/s/ Angeliki Frangou		Chairman of the Board		July 12, 2013
Angeliki Frangou
*		Director		July 12, 2013
Ted C. Petrone
*		Director		July 12, 2013
Vasiliki Papaefthymiou
*		Director		July 12, 2013
Spyridon Magoulas
*		Director		July 12, 2013
John Stratakis
*		Director		July 12, 2013
Efstathios Loizos

 

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*		Director		July 12, 2013
George Malanga

 

*	By executing her name hereto, Angeliki Frangou is signing this document on behalf of persons indicated above pursuant to the powers of attorney duly executed by such persons and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

By:		/s/ Angeliki Frangou
		Angeliki Frangou

 

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Authorized Representative

Pursuant to the requirement of the Securities Act of 1933, the undersigned, the duly undersigned representative in the United States, has signed this registration statement in the City of Newark, State of Delaware, on July 12, 2013.

 

PUGLISI & ASSOCIATES
By:		/s/ DONALD J. PUGLISI
		Name: Donald J. Puglisi
		Title: Managing Director

 

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Exhibit 5.1

REEDER & SIMPSON P.C.

Attorneys-at-Law

July 12, 2013

Navios Maritime Holdings Inc.

85 Akti Miaoui

185 38 Piraeus, Greece

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We have acted as special counsel to Navios Maritime Holdings Inc., a Marshall Islands corporation (the “Company”), in connection with the preparation and filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission of a Registration Statement on Form F-3 (the “Registration Statement”), pursuant to which the Company is registering under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), the following:

 

(i)

common stock, $0.0001 par value per share (the “Common Stock”);

 

(ii)

preferred stock, including in the form of American Depositary Shares (“ADSs”) (the “Preferred Stock”);

 

(iii)

warrants to purchase Common Stock, Preferred Stock, or debt securities (the “Warrants”);

 

(iii)

debt securities (the “Debt Securities”); and

 

(iv)

units consisting of one or more Warrants, Debt Securities, shares of Preferred Stock, shares of Common Stock or combination thereof (collectively, the “Units”);

some or all of which may be issued from time to time on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act, at an aggregate public offering price not to exceed $500,000,000. The Common Stock, the Preferred Stock, including in the form of ADSs, the Debt Securities, the Warrants and the Units are collectively referred to herein as the “Offered Securities.”

The Debt Securities may be issued pursuant to an Indenture between the Company and a trustee to be named in such Indenture (the “Indentures”). Warrants may be issued pursuant to a Warrant Agreement between the Company and a bank or trust company as Warrant Agent (the “Warrant Agreement”). The Units may be issued under a unit agreement between the company and a financial institution to be determined, as Unit Agent (the “Unit Agreement”). The ADSs may be issued under a depositary agreement between the Company and a depositary to be named in such agreement (the “Depositary Agreement”).

In connection with this opinion, we have examined the Company’s Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation (“Articles of Incorporation”) and By-Laws, both as currently in effect, and certain resolutions adopted by the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board of Directors”) relating to the registration of the Offered Securities and such other documents or records of the corporate proceedings of the Company as we have deemed relevant, and the Registration Statement and the exhibits thereto.

In our examination, we have assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the legal capacity of natural persons, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, the conformity to original documents of all documents submitted to us as certified, photostatic or facsimile copies and the authenticity of the originals of such copies. Based upon the foregoing, we are of the opinion:

1. With respect to the Common Stock, including those duly issued upon due conversion, exchange or exercise of any Preferred Stock, Debt Securities or Warrants or included in any Units, when (i) specifically authorized for issuance by the Company’s Board of Directors or an authorized committee thereof (the “Common Stock Authorizing Resolutions”), (ii) the Registration Statement has become effective under the Securities Act, (iii) the terms of the sale of the Common Stock have been duly established in conformity with the Company’s Articles of Incorporation and By-laws and do not violate any applicable law or result in a default under or breach of any agreement or instrument binding on the Company and comply with any requirement or restriction imposed by any court or governmental body having jurisdiction over the Company, (iv) the Common Stock has been issued and sold as contemplated by the Registration Statement, and (v) the Company has received the consideration provided for in the Common Stock Authorizing Resolutions, the Common Stock will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.

2. With respect to the Preferred Stock, including in the form of ADSs, and including those duly issued upon due conversion, exchange or exercise of any Debt Securities or Warrants or included in any Units, when (i) specifically authorized for issuance by the Company’s Board of Directors or an authorized committee thereof (the “Preferred Stock Authorizing Resolutions”), (ii) the Registration Statement has become effective under the Securities Act, (iii) appropriate Certificate or Certificates of Designation relating to a class or series of the Preferred Stock to be sold under the Registration Statement have been duly authorized and

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adopted and filed with the Registrar of Corporations of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, (iv) the terms of issuance and sale of shares of such class or series of Preferred Stock have been duly established in conformity with the Company’s Articles of Incorporation and By-laws and do not violate any applicable law or result in a default under or breach of any agreement or instrument binding upon the Company and comply with any requirement or restriction imposed by any court or governmental body having jurisdiction over the Company, (v) shares of such class or series of Preferred Stock have been duly issued and sold as contemplated by the Registration Statement, (vi) the Company has received the consideration provided for in the Preferred Stock Authorizing Resolutions, such Preferred Stock will be validly issued, fully paid, and non-assessable, (vii) any Depositary Agreement relating to the Preferred Stock in the form of ADSs has been duly authorized, executed and delivered, (viii) the ADSs will, when sold, be legally issued and will entitle their holders to the rights specified in the Depositary Agreement, and (ix) the terms of the Preferred Stock in the form of ADSs and of their issuance and sale have been duly established in conformity with the Depositary Agreement and do not violate any applicable law or result in a default under or breach of any agreement or instrument binding upon the Company and comply with any requirement or restriction imposed by any court or governmental body having jurisdiction over the Company.

3. With respect to the Debt Securities, including those duly issued upon due conversion, exchange or exercise of any Preferred Stock or Debt Securities or included in any Units, when (i) specifically authorized for issuance by the Company’s Board of Directors or an authorized committee thereof (the “Debt Securities Authorizing Resolutions”), (ii) the Registration Statement has become effective under the Securities Act, (iii) the terms of the Debt Securities and of their issue and sale have been duly established in conformity with the applicable Indenture and do not violate any applicable law or result in a default under or breach of any agreement or instrument binding upon the Company and comply with any requirement or restriction imposed by any court or governmental body having jurisdiction over the Company, (iv) such Debt Securities have been duly executed and authenticated in accordance with the applicable Indenture and issued and sold as contemplated in the Registration Statement, and (v) the Company has received the consideration provided for in the Debt Securities Authorizing Resolutions, such Debt Securities will constitute valid and legally binding obligations of the Company, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and to general equity principles.

4. With respect to the Warrants, including those duly issued upon due conversion, exchange or exercise of any Preferred Stock or Debt Securities or included in any Units, when (i) specifically authorized for issuance by the Company’s Board of Directors or an authorized committee thereof (the “Warrants Authorizing Resolutions”), (ii) the Registration Statement has become effective under the Securities Act, (iii) any Warrant Agreement relating to the Warrants has been duly authorized, executed, and delivered, (iv) the terms of the Warrants and of their issuance and sale have been duly established in conformity with the Warrant Agreement and do not violate any applicable law or result in a default under or breach of any agreement or instrument binding upon the Company and comply with any requirement or restriction imposed by any court or governmental body having jurisdiction over the Company, (v) the Warrants have been duly executed and countersigned in accordance with the Warrant Agreement and issued and sold as contemplated by the Registration Statement, and (vi) the Company has received the consideration provided for in the Warrants Authorizing Resolutions, the Warrants will constitute valid and legally binding obligations of the Company, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and to general equity principles.

5. With respect to the Units, including those duly issued upon due conversion, exchange or exercise of any Preferred Stock, Debt Securities or Warrants, when (i) specifically authorized for issuance by the Company’s Board of Directors or an authorized committee thereof (the “Unit Authorizing Resolutions”), (ii) the Registration Statement has become effective under the Securities Act, (iii) any Unit Agreement relating to the Units has been duly authorized, executed, and delivered, (iv) the terms of the Units and of their issuance and sale have been duly established in conformity with the Unit Agreement and do not violate any applicable law or result in a default under or breach of any agreement or instrument binding upon the Company and comply with any requirement or restriction imposed by any court or governmental body having jurisdiction over the Company, (v) the Units have been duly executed, delivered and authenticated in accordance with the Unit Agreement and issued and sold as contemplated by the Registration Statement, and (vi) the Company has received the consideration provided for in the Unit Authorizing Resolutions, the Units will constitute valid and legally binding obligations of the Company, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and to general equity principles.

Our opinion is limited to the Business Corporations Act of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, and we express no opinion with respect to the laws of any other jurisdiction.

We have relied as to certain matters on information obtained from public officials, officers of the Company, and other sources believed by us to be responsible and we have assumed that the Indentures will be duly authorized, executed, and delivered by the respective trustees thereunder, the Warrant Agreement will be duly authorized, executed, and delivered by the Warrant Agent thereunder, the Unit Agreement will be duly authorized, executed, and delivered by the Unit Agent thereunder, and the Depositary Agreement will be duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Depositary thereunder, assumptions which we have not independently verified.

It is understood that this opinion is to be used only in connection with the offer and sale of Common Stock, Preferred Stock, including in the form of ADSs, Debt Securities, Warrants and Units while the Registration Statement is in effect.

Please note that we are opining only as to the matters expressly set forth herein, and no opinion should be inferred as to any other matters. This opinion is based upon currently existing statutes, rules, regulations and judicial decisions, and we disclaim any obligation to advise you of any change in any of these sources of law or subsequent legal or factual developments which might affect any matters or opinions set forth herein.

We understand that you wish to file this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, and we hereby consent thereto.

We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as part of the Registration Statement and the reference to this firm in the section of the Registration Statement entitled “Legal Matters.” This consent is not to be construed as an admission that we are a party whose consent is required to be filed as part of the Registration Statement under the provisions of the Act.

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Very truly yours,
/s/ REEDER & SIMPSON P.C.
By		/s/ Raymond E. Simpson